When asymptomatic microhaematuria is detected in a random urine sample, biohumoral or instrumental exams are not necessary. Urine culture should not be carried out either routinely or in the absence of the typical symptoms of a urinary tract infection; bag urine collection should be avoided The indiscriminate use of albumin in children with a first episode of nephrotic syndrome is not recommended. SINePe #1 SIN-Nephrology #1 Only opt for chronic dialysis after a decision-making process has been conducted jointly with patients, their families, and their family physicians. In the case of low-grade or asymptomatic proteinuria, it is not necessary to perform blood tests or complex instrumental exams. In these cases, medical history, physical exam and urine tests (two separate tests performed at least a week apart) are sufficient. The appropriate diagnostic approach for proteinuria should be followed, if proteinuria persists. Do not perform creatinine clearance tests in situations where it is impossible to ensure an accurate urine collection, or when it is not necessary to measure urinary creatinine excretion. In such cases, it is preferable to assess renal function by calculating the eGFR (the volume of the filtrate). Do not perform computerized tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of renal stones. It is initially preferable to use ultrasound. Do not administer erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and spontaneous hemoglobin levels between 10 and 11 g/dL with no symptoms of anemization. The same applies to patients who have not been tested for blood ferritin levels and transferrin saturation, at least. Children under 6 years of age with primary monosymptomatic enuresis do not need to be seen by a specialist, undergo laboratory (with the exception of urinary dipstick) or instrumental testing or start pharmacological treatment. Avoid the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients suffering from hypertension, cardiac insufficiency or chronic kidney disease – whatever their cause (including diabetes).