Newborn hearing screening allows an early detection of congenital hearing loss, whose prevalence is 1-3 cases per thousand births in the absence of risk factors. It must be performed in all birth centers, on all newborns before discharge, by trained personnel, in well defined ideal environmental conditions and using appropriate instruments. The screening aims at diagnosing within the first 3 months of life and intervene within 6. The first level neonatal screening provides for the automatic evaluation of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TOAEs) in response to acoustic stimuli. They are not always early detectable, due to the persistence of material in the external ear canal or to signal masked by other noises or in born by Caesarean section, with more false positive results than expected and great parents’ concerns.Perform routine testing 48 h after birth may facilitate the diagnosing; reduce false positives, relieve parents’ anxiety and spare the time and money necessary to repeat the first level screening during the same hospitalization or to undergo a brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) test in a 2nd level center.